Arno Rafael Minkkinen (b. Helsinki, 1945) is a Finnish photographer who works in the United States. Arno Rafael Minkkinen is a Finnish-American photographer. Minkkinen was born in Helsinki, Finland in 1945 and emigrated to the United States in 1951. A graduate of Wagner College with a Bachelor of Arts in English Literature, he began taking self-portraits in 1971 while working as an advertising copywriter on Madison Avenue in New York.[3] Studying later with Harry Callahan and Aaron Siskind at Rhode Island School of Design, he earned his Master of Fine Arts degree in photography in 1974. Over the past four decades, Minkkinen has been engaged as a teacher, curator, and writer while continuing to devote his photographic research and energies to the self-portrait: unmanipulated images of the human figure in the natural landscape. ... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arno_Rafael_Minkkinen